1487 δύναμις
δύναμις, δυνάμεως, ἡ; (from Homer down); the Septuagint for חַיִל, גְּבוּרָה, עֹז, כֹּחַ, צָבָא (an army, a host); strength, ability, power; a. universally, "inherent power, power residing in a thing by virtue of its nature, or which a person or thing exerts and puts forth": Luke 1:17; Acts 4:7; 1 Cor. 4:20; 2 Cor. 4:7; 12:9 (ἡ δύναμις ἐν ἀσθένεια τελεῖται (R G τελειοῦται)); 13:4; 1 Thess. 1:5; Heb. 7:16; 11:34; Rev. 1:16; 17:13; ἰδίᾳ δυνάμει, Acts 3:12; μεγάλη δυνάμει, Acts 4:33; ἑκάστῳ κατά τήν ἰδίαν δύναμιν, Matt. 25:15; ὑπέρ δύναμιν, beyond our power, 2 Cor. 1:8; ἐν δυνάμει namely, ὤν, endued with power, Luke 4:36; 1 Cor. 15:43; so in the phrase ἔρχεσθαι ἐν δυνάμει, Mark 9:1; powerfully, Col. 1:29; 2 Thess. 1:11; contextually, equivalent to evidently, Rom. 1:4; ἐν δυνάμει σημείων καί τεράτων, through the power which I exerted upon their souls by performing miracles, Rom. 15:19; δύναμις εἰς τί, Heb. 11:11; δύναμις ἐπί τά δαιμόνια καί νόσους θεραπεύειν, Luke 9:1; ἡ δύναμις τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὁ νόμος, sin exercises its power (upon the soul) through the law, i. e. through the abuse of the law, 1 Cor. 15:56; τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ, the power which the resurrection of Christ has, for instructing, reforming, elevating, tranquilizing, the soul, Phil. 3:10; τῆς εὐσεβείας, inhering in godliness and operating upon souls, 2 Tim. 3:5; δυνάμεις μέλλοντος αἰῶνος (see αἰών, 3), Heb. 6:5; τό πνεῦμα τῆς δυνάμεως (see πνεῦμα, 5), 1 Pet. 4:14 Lachmann; 2 Tim. 1:7; δύναμις is used of the power of angels: Eph. 1:21 (cf. Meyer at the passage]) 2 Pet. 2:11; of the power of the devil and evil spirits, 1 Cor. 15:24; τοῦ ἐχθροῦ, i. e. of the devil, Luke 10:19; τοῦ δράκοντος, Rev. 13:2; angels, as excelling in power, are called δυνάμεις (cf. (Philo de mutat. nora. sec. 8 δυνάμεις ἀσωματοι) Meyer as above; Lightfoot on Col. 1:16; see ἄγγελος): Rom. 8:38; 1 Pet. 3:22. ἡ δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ, universally, the power of God: Matt. 22:29; Mark 12:24; Luke 22:69; Acts 8:10; Rom. 1:20; 9:17; 1 Cor. 6:14; δύναμις ὑψίστου, Luke 1:35; ἡ δύναμις, especially in doxologies, the kingly power of God, Matt. 6:13 Rec.; Rev. 4:11; 7:12; 11:17; 12:10; 15:8; 19:1; and the abstract for the concrete (as הַגְּבוּרָה in Jewish writings; cf. Buxtorf Lex. talm. col. 385 (p. 201f, Fischer edition)) equivalent to ὁ δυνατός, Matt. 26:64; Mark 14:62; δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ is used of the divine power considered as acting upon the minds of men, 1 Cor. 2:5; 2 Cor. 6:7; Eph. 3:7,20; (2 Tim. 1:8; 1 Pet. 1:5); εἰς τινα, 2 Cor. 13:4 (but WH in brackets); Eph. 1:19; ἐνδύεσθαι δύναμιν ἐξ ὕψους, Luke 24:49; by metonymy, things or persons in which God's saving power shows its efficacy are called δυνάμεις Θεοῦ: thus, ὁ Χριστός, 1 Cor. 1:24; ὁ λόγος τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Cor. 1:18; τό εὐαγγέλιον, with the addition εἰς σωτηρίαν παντί, etc. Rom. 1:16 (cf. Winer's Grammar, sec. 36, 3 b.). δύναμις is ascribed to Christ, now in one sense and now in another: a power to heal disease proceeds from him, Mark 5:30; Luke 5:17; 6:19; 8:46 the kingly power of the Messiah is his, Matt. 24:30; (Mark 13:26); Luke 21:27; 2 Pet. 1:16; Rev. 5:12; ἄγγελοι τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ (see ἄγγελος, 2), ministering to his power, 2 Thess. 1:7 (Winer's Grammar, sec. 34, 3 b. note); metaphysical (or essential) power, viz. that which belongs to him as ὁ θεῖος λόγος, in the expression τό ῥῆμα τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ, the word uttered by his power, equivalent to his most powerful will and energy, Heb. 1:3; moral power, operating on the soul, 2 Cor. 12:9 R G; and called ἡ θεία αὐτοῦ δύναμις in 2 Pet. 1:3; ἡ δύναμις τοῦ κυρίου, the power of Christ invisibly present and operative in Christian church formally assembled, 1 Cor. 5:4. δύναμις τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος: Acts 1:8 (Winer's Grammar, 125 (119)); πνεῦμα ἅγιον καί δύναμις, Acts 10:38; ἀπόδειξις πνεύματος καί δυνάμεως (see ἀπόδειξις, b.), 1 Cor. 2:4; ἐν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ πνεύματος, under or full of the power of the Holy Spirit, Luke 4:14; ἐν δυνάμει πνεύματος ἁγίου, by the power and influence of the Holy Spirit, Rom. 15:13; by the power which, under the influence of the Holy Spirit, I exerted upon their souls, Rom. 15:19. b. specifically, the power of performing miracles: Acts 6:8; πᾶσα δύναμις, every kind of power of working miracles (with the addition of καί σημείοις καί τέρασι), 2 Thess. 2:9; plural: (Matt. 13:54; 14:2; Mark 6:14); 1 Cor. 12:28f; Gal. 3:5; ἐνεργήματα δυνάμεων, 1 Cor. 12:10; by metonymy, of the cause for the effect, a mighty work (cf. Winer's Grammar, 32; Trench, sec. xci.): δύναμιν ποιεῖν, Mark 6:5; 9:39; so in the plural, Mark 6:2 Luke 19:37; joined with σημεῖα, Acts 8:13; with σημεῖα καί τέρατα, Acts 2:22; 2 Cor. 12:12; Heb. 2:4 (?); ποιεῖν δυνάμεις, Matt. 7:22; (13:58); Acts 19:11; γίνονται δυνάμεις, Matt. 11:20f,23; Luke 10:13. c. moral power and excellence of soul: 1 Cor. 4:19; 2 Cor. 4:7; Eph. 3:16; Col. 1:11. d. the power and influence which belong to riches; (pecuniary ability), wealth: τοῦ στρήνους, `riches ministering to luxury' (Grotius), Rev. 18:3; κατά δύναμιν καί ὑπέρ (others, δύναμιν, according to their means, yea, beyond their means, 2 Cor. 8:3; (in this sense, for חַיִל, the Septuagint Deut. 8:17f; Ruth 4:11; not infrequent Greek writings, as Xenophon, Cyril 8, 4, 34; an. 7, 7, 21 (36)). e. power and resources arising from numbers: Rev. 3:8. f. power consisting in or resting upon armies, forces, hosts, (so, both in singular and in plural, often in Greek writings from Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, on; in the Septuagint and in Apocrypha); hence, δυνάμεις τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, the host of heaven, Hebraistically the stars: Matt. 24:29; Luke 21:26; and δυνάμεις ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, Mark 13:25; equivalent to צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם, 2 Kings 17:16; 23:4; Isa. 34:4; Jer. 8:2; Dan. 8:10, etc. (cf. σαβαώθ). g. Like the Latin vis and potestas, equivalent to the (force i. e.) meaning of a word or expression: 1 Cor. 14:11; (Plato, Crat., p. 394 h.; Polybius 20, 9, 11; Dionysius Halicarnassus 1, 68; Dio Cuss. 55, 3; others).*
(Synonyms: βία, δύναμις, ἐνέργεια, ἐξουσία, ἰσχύς, κράτος βία, force, effective, often oppressive power, exhibiting itself in single deeds of violence; δύναμις, power, natural ability, general and inherent; ἐνέργεια, working, power in exercise, operative power; ἐξουσία, primarily liberty of action; then, authority -- either as delegated power, or as unrestrained, arbitrary power; ἰσχύς, strength, power (especially physical) as an endowment κράτος, might, relative and manifested power -- in the N. T. chiefly of God; τῷ κράτει τῆς ἰσχύος, Eph. 6:10, τήν ἐνέργειαν τῆς δυναμμεως, Eph. 3:7, τήν ἐνέργειαν τοῦ κράτους τῆς ἰσχύος, Eph. 1:19. Cf. Schmidt, chapter 148; Lightfoot on Col. 1:16; Meyer on Eph. 1:19.)
